Elements
94

Pu

Plutonium

Pronounced

ploo-TOE-ni-em

Plutonium (Pu) is a silvery colored radioactive metal that has the atomic number 94 in the periodic table. It is an Actinoid Metal with the symbol Pu.

Plutonium as a. major focus of the Manhattan project in World War 2 due to its use in atomic bombs. It was discovered by Glenn Seaborg, Edwin McMillan, Joseph Kennedy, and Arthur Wahl in 1941 when they bombarded uranium with deuteron at the University of California Berkeley. Plutonium is one of the first synthetic elements made in the lab that was produced in large quantities. It is named after the planet pluto. Plutonium is used in nuclear reactors and nuclear bombs as it. undergoes chain reactions during its nuclear decay. It is widely used in space exploration as well on rovers and satellites. it is not found elementally in the earth’s crust but found in minerals containing uranium. It is a solid metal at room temperature and it has a melting point of 639°c and a boiling point of 5842°c. Plutonium is often transported by sea but has also been known to be flown on commercial planes. In 2012 media coverage uncovered the transport of plutonium on passenger planes in Norway.

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FAQ's

What is the Melting Point for Plutonium?

Plutonium has a Melting Point of 639.5°C, meaning at 639.5°C it will turn to a liquid.

What is the Boiling Point for Plutonium?

Plutonium has a Boiling Point of 3235°C, meaning at 3235°C it will turn to a Gas.

What is the Electronegativity of Plutonium?

Plutonium's Electronegativty is 1.28. Electronegativity is a measure of how strongly atoms attract bonding electrons to themselves.

Discovered by

G.T.Seaborg, J.W.Kennedy, E.M.McMillan, A.C.Wohl

Discovery date

1940

What is the Heat of Vaporization of Plutonium?

Plutonium has a Heat of Vaporization of 344 kJ/mol.

Uses

Used in bombs and reactors. Small quantities are used in thermo-electric generators.

Sources

Found rarely in some uranium ores. Made by bombarding uranium with neutrons.

About the author

Nathan M

Author

Nathan has a degree in BSc Biomedical Chemistry at Warwick University and a degree in PGCE Science at Wolverhampton University, UK. Nathan's subject matter ranges from general chemistry and organic chemistry. Nathan also created the curriculum on Breaking Atom in the course page.

Citation

"Plutonium" Published on Jan 04, 2020. https://breakingatom.com/elements/plutonium
94
Protons
94
Electrons
150
Neutrons

Pu

Element Symbol
Pu
Atomic Weight
244
Atomic Number
94
State
Solid
Melting Point
Unknown
639.5
°C
Boiling Point
3235
Unknown
°C
Heat of Vaporization
344
Unknown
kJ/mol
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic
Thermoconductivity
0.0674
Unknown
W/cmK
Shells
2,8,18,32,24,8,2
Group
Actinide
Period
7
Block
F Block
Orbitals
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
46.7 10^-6 K^-1
Covalent Radius
--
Density at 293K
19.8 g/cm³
Electrical Conductivity
0.00666 10^6/cm ohm
First Ionization Potential
6.06 V
Second Ionization Potential
--
Third Ionization Potential
--
Ionic Radius
--
Oxydation States
6,5,(4),3
Lattice Parameter
6.183 Å
Lattice Parameter 2
--
Lattice Parameter 3
--
Orbital configuration
2,8,18,32,24,8,2

Download the Periodic Table

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Explore Other Actinides

The actinide series contains 15 metallic elements from number 89 (actinium) to 103 (lawrencium). They are located in group 3 in the periodic table.
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